Comprehensive Guide: Every Masatoshi Hamada Movie and TV Show & Where to Find Them Online

When it comes to Japanese comedy, Downtown's Masatoshi Hamada is a name you can't miss. As the tsukkomi half of the country's most beloved owarai duo, he keeps audiences laughing with his impeccable timing and sharp wit. From his start in the comedy world to becoming a dad to two kids, we're rounding up everything this comedy legend has been up to in movies and TV shows.

🍿 If you like watching movies & wish you could watch more, now you can!

With our special deals for free trials at HBO, Amazon Prime Video & Paramount+ you can finally get all your movie-marathon binges on your calendar without paying a dime! Get signed up now before you forget:

• Click here to claim your free trial offer at Amazon Prime Video

🍿 Happy watching!

Films

1. Pokémon the Movie 2000

One person can make all the difference.

Experience an epic adventure in "Pokémon the Movie 2000, " where Ash Ketchum and his friends team up to save the world from a nefarious plan. When the balance of nature is threatened, they must band together to capture the legendary Pokémon, Lugia. Packed with action, heart, and the unforgettable charm of Pokémon, this movie will leave you cheering for the power of friendship.

• IMDb Rating: 6.1

• TMDb Rating: 6.69

• Metacritic Rating: 28.0

• Release Date: 1999-07-17

• Runtime: 84.0 minutes

• Original Language: ja

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Budget: $30,000,000.0

• Box Office Revenue: $163,700,000.0

• Status: Released

2. Space Travelers

Join the wild ride with "Space Travelers, " a 2000 film where three bank-robbing Space Travelers take six hostages to escape the police. Amongst these hostages, a terrorist hides a bomb. The robbers convince the hostages to pretend they're part of the gang, and to their surprise, the hostages start enjoying their roles. In this unusual day, the bank transforms into a tropical paradise, leaving you wondering how it will all unfold.

• IMDb Rating: 6.8

• TMDb Rating: 5.5

• Release Date: 2000-04-08

• Runtime: 125.0 minutes

• Original Language: ja

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Status: Released

3. There's Always Tomorrow - The Movie

Step into the world of 'There's Always Tomorrow - The Movie', a heartfelt drama that follows the life of a mediocre salaryman as he clings to his dreams amidst the struggles of everyday life. This Japanese film, released in 2002, will leave you pondering the complexities of human ambition and the power of perseverance.

• IMDb Rating: 6.5

• TMDb Rating: 3.3

• Release Date: 2002-10-25

• Runtime: 118.0 minutes

• Original Language: ja

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Status: Released

4. ポップコーンLOVE

Get ready for a delightful rollercoaster ride in the 1990 romantic comedy "ポップコーンLOVE". Dive headfirst into a world of love, laughter, and, of course, popcorn. With a cast of charming characters, this 85-minute film promises a light-hearted journey that will leave you smiling from ear to ear. Don't miss out on the opportunity to experience "ポップコーンLOVE" and its endearing story of love and companionship. This Japanese gem, released on July 21, 1990, is sure to leave a lasting impact on your heart.

• Release Date: 1990-07-21

• Runtime: 85.0 minutes

• Original Language: ja

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Status: Released

5. Showa Tetsufuden - Sea of Japan

Immerse yourself in the high-stakes world of Yakuza in "Showa Tetsufuden - Sea of Japan". Set amidst the turbulent backdrop of the late Showa period, this gritty thriller follows the struggle of a young member torn between two powerful organizations in the Tohoku region. As the Sea of Japan serves as a haunting backdrop, the stakes rise higher, leaving you on the edge of your seat. Witness the unyielding loyalty and the ruthless machinations that define the Yakuza world in this compelling drama.

• Release Date: 1991-02-03

• Runtime: 80.0 minutes

• Original Language: ja

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Status: Released

TV Shows

1. Downtown no Gaki no Tsukai ya Arahende!!

"Downtown no Gaki no Tsukai ya Arahende! ! " launched in 1989 as a beloved Japanese variety series. Emceed by popular comedian Downtown alongside Hōsei Tsukitei and Cocorico, the show has delivered 1684 episodes across 34 seasons of laughter and entertainment.

• Original Name: ダウンタウンのガキの使いやあらへんで！

• TMDb Rating: 9.3

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [30]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1989-10-03

• Last Air Date: 2022-12-04

• Number of Seasons: 34

• Number of Episodes: 1684

2. Wednesday Downtown

Wednesday Downtown, originally known as 水曜日のダウンタウン, is a lively Japanese information program that first aired in 2014. With a total of 360 episodes spanning across 11 seasons, the show invites celebrities to present their unique and quirky pet theories to studio guests. These theories, ranging from academic arguments to outrageous logic, are examined in-depth to determine their validity. From captivating on-location experiments to rigorous analysis, Wednesday Downtown promises to either gain acceptance for these intriguing ideas or debunk them as mere pop science. Make sure to tune in and see whether these theories will stand the test of scientific scrutiny or simply fall by the wayside. Catch this engaging and informative show as it continues to return with fresh episodes!

• Original Name: 水曜日のダウンタウン

• TMDb Rating: 7.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2014-04-23

• Last Air Date: 2024-03-06

• Number of Seasons: 11

• Number of Episodes: 360

3. Gaki no Tsukai No Laughing Batsu Game

Get ready for a wild ride with the Japanese reality series, "Gaki no Tsukai No Laughing Batsu Game. " With 18 seasons and over 45 episodes under its belt, the show captures the hilarity of laughter as seen through the eyes of its participants. The Gaki no Tsukai members, who have previously been subjected to intense competition, find themselves in bizarre, absurd settings for 24 hours, with the challenge to avoid laughter at all costs. Hangmen appear when they fail, armed with peculiar weapons unique to each year. Join us for a side-splitting adventure that will leave you questioning your ability to keep a straight face.

• Original Name: 絶対に笑ってはいけない

• TMDb Rating: 9.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [240]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Reality

• First Air Date: 2003-07-27

• Last Air Date: 2020-12-31

• Number of Seasons: 18

• Number of Episodes: 45

4. Downtown no Gottsu Ee Kanji

Explore the absurd and hilarious world of Downtown no Gottsu Ee Kanji, a classic Japanese variety show that captivated the nation from 1991 to 1997. Hosted by the iconic comedy duo Downtown and featuring a talented cast, the show brought viewers laughter with its unique blend of sketches, games, and guest appearances. Dive into the whimsical realm of this beloved television series and experience the infectious humor that made it a timeless hit.

• Original Name: ダウンタウンのごっつええ感じ

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1991-12-08

• Last Air Date: 1997-11-02

• Number of Seasons: 6

• Number of Episodes: 245

5. King Of Conte

King of Conte, a Japanese reality TV series, originally aired in 2008 and has since returned for its 16th season. With a total of 14 episodes, the show brings together contestants who battle it out in various challenges to prove their exceptional comedy skills. Each season takes viewers on a journey of laughter, tears, and surprises as the comedians showcase their unique talents. Don't miss out on the hilarious entertainment exclusive to the Japanese TV landscape.

• Original Name: キングオブコント

• TMDb Rating: 9.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Reality

• First Air Date: 2008-10-05

• Last Air Date: 2023-10-21

• Number of Seasons: 16

• Number of Episodes: 14

6. Legendary Teacher

Dive into the world of "Legendary Teacher, " a one-season Japanese drama that follows a man with a knack for connecting with troubled high school students. Known as a legend in the education community, he takes on the challenge of turning around a class on the brink of disaster. With his unpredictable demeanor and unorthodox methods, this extraordinary educator shocks both the staff and the students, proving that sometimes, the most unexpected heroes can make all the difference.

• Original Name: 伝説の教師

• TMDb Rating: 4.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2000-04-15

• Last Air Date: 2000-06-30

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 11

7. There's Always Tomorrow, We Have Tomorrow

Embrace the unpredictability of fate in the captivating drama series, "There's Always Tomorrow, We Have Tomorrow. " First airing on NTV in 2001, this 11-episode Japanese gem captures the essence of life's surprises. Get ready to delve into an emotional rollercoaster, as each episode intertwines the lives of diverse characters, revealing heartfelt tales of love, loss, and self-discovery.

• Original Name: 明日があるさ

• TMDb Rating: 4.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2001-04-21

• Last Air Date: 2001-06-30

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 11

8. Juunen Ai

When office worker Aozora falls in love with her friend's boyfriend, she struggles to confess her feelings without betraying her friend's trust. Desperate for connection, she turns to a mistress who resembles her dream boy. Their complicated relationship is further tested when Aozora meets Arashi, a man who challenges her way of life. "Juunen Ai" is a touching drama about love and friendship that spans ten years.

• Original Name: 十年愛

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1992-10-16

• Last Air Date: 1993-01-01

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 12

9. Papa to Nat-chan

Experience the heartwarming journey of a young girl as she transforms from a high school student to a wife in the drama series "Papa to Nat-chan. " This 1991 Japanese gem, consisting of 10 episodes, captures the transformation of its protagonist and the challenges she encounters in her new life. Join us in this endearing exploration of love, maturity, and growth.

• Original Name: パパとなっちゃん

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1991-04-19

• Last Air Date: 1991-06-21

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 10

10. Life is Good

Experience the heartwarming adventures of "Life is Good, " a beautifully crafted Japanese series that aired from October to December in 1995. With just 11 episodes spread across 1 season, this scripted dramedy quickly captivates viewers, sharing stories that are both uplifting and thought-provoking. Delve into the depth of human emotions and the challenges we face in this life, all told through intricately woven plotlines. Join us on this emotional journey and discover the magic that is "Life is Good. "

• Original Name: 人生は上々だ

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1995-10-13

• Last Air Date: 1995-12-22

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 11

11. Sentosha: Battle Wheels

Welcome to the high-octane world of Sentosha: Battle Wheels, where renowned entertainers and car enthusiasts come together to compete in a thrilling series of never-before-seen challenges! These adrenaline-fueled battles test their speed, courage, and unwavering determination. Buckle up for a wild ride, as they push their battle cars to the limit in exhilarating duels. Get ready for some heart-pumping action, as Sentosha: Battle Wheels brings you the ultimate combination of danger and entertainment!

• Original Name: 戦闘車

• TMDb Rating: 4.6

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [45]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2017-10-06

• Last Air Date: 2018-11-09

• Number of Seasons: 2

• Number of Episodes: 10

12. ワレワレハワラワレタイ

When a Japanese documentary series decided to explore a unique cultural phenomenon, they created something truly memorable. In this one-episode special from 2022, we embark on a journey through Japanese society, revealing insights and stories that showcase the country's rich tapestry of human experiences.

• Original Name: ワレワレハワラワレタイ

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Documentary

• First Air Date: 2022-12-31

• Last Air Date: 2022-12-31

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

13. プレバト

プレバト is a short-lived Japanese TV series that aired in 2012, known for its gripping storyline and top-notch performances. Packed with intriguing moments and high-stakes scenarios, it's a show that will keep you engaged from start to finish. Despite its brief run, the series leaves a lasting impression, proving that sometimes the best stories are the shortest ones.

• Original Name: プレバト

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2012-10-11

• Last Air Date: 2012-10-11

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

14. Hitoribocchi no Kimi ni

Get ready for a heartwarming, comedic journey with Hitoribocchi no Kimi ni! This one-season, 12-episode Japanese series first aired in 1998, capturing the hearts of audiences with its touching storyline. Follow the life of a shy, introverted high school girl named Hitori Bocchi as she navigates the complexities of friendship and love in a world full of eccentric characters. Experience the joy and laughter this series brings, as Hitori Bocchi learns to open up and embrace the beautiful tapestry of human connections.

• Original Name: Hitoribocchi no Kimi ni

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: en

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1998-07-02

• Last Air Date: 1998-09-17

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 12

15. Wolf Boy Lie or Truth

A single episode of this 2004 Japanese quiz program teams Downtown's Hamada Masatoshi with various entertainers and actors to present short stories. The challenge for viewers? Decide which storyteller is telling the truth and which is spinning a fib. The program includes a mix of bloopers and outtakes from other drama series to keep things entertaining.

• Original Name: オオカミ少年

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [54]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2004-10-07

• Last Air Date: 2004-10-07

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

16. Japan's Got Talent

Get ready for a thrilling ride as Japan's Got Talent brings together incredible performers from all walks of life! Following the success of similar international shows, this new reality series invites contestants to showcase their unique talents, from death-defying stunts to captivating singing performances. With judges from various backgrounds and an audience eagerly waiting for the next unforgettable act, Japan's Got Talent is a heartwarming and exhilarating competition that proves the power of following your dreams.

• Original Name: Japan's Got Talent

• TMDb Rating: 8.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Reality

• First Air Date: 2023-02-11

• Last Air Date: 2023-02-25

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 3

17. もしも願いが叶うなら

従来のルームコメディ、もしも願いが叶うなら、天才に贈られる一生を追求するのはだっても難しいものだ。主人公はミほ焼玉（Miho Nakayama）。このストレイトナンバーがお届けするとおり、奇跡的な相談コミカリを目指す。これがまさに心の中の願いを叶うんだとされる、異世界のあなた。困っていることが何かを皆さんが知ってください。それがまさに心の中の美しいことを目指す。犬や猫のコメディも混入されあってたのでそれが異世界のあなた。だからいいのは？それがまさに心の中の奇跡のあるもの。それはあどうか？それがまさに心の中の願いを叶うことでもあります。

• Original Name: もしも願いが叶うなら

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1994-01-07

• Last Air Date: 1994-01-07

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

18. 爆笑 大日本アカン警察

This short-lived Japanese police drama aired a single episode on December 28, 2009. While brief, it offers a glimpse into the local law enforcement scene, promising viewers a taste of authentic Japanese policing.

• Original Name: 爆笑 大日本アカン警察

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2009-12-28

• Last Air Date: 2009-12-28

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

19. Ryoma ni Omakase

"Ryoma ni Omakase" is a delightful 12-episode scripted series that aired in Japan back in 1996. It's the perfect watch for fans of Japanese storytelling, offering a fresh look at dining experiences and their impact on those involved. Whether you're enjoying it for the first time or looking to catch up on your viewing, this series delivers a taste of Japanese television from the mid-1990s.

• Original Name: Ryoma ni Omakase

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: en

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1996-04-10

• Last Air Date: 1996-06-26

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 12

20. Downtown Now

"Downtown Now" is a 2015 Japanese scripted series that marks a return to production with a single episode. While we don't have many details about the plot, it represents an interesting entry in Japanese television, showcasing the country's rich storytelling landscape.

• Original Name: ダウンタウンなう

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [57]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2015-04-17

• Last Air Date: 2015-04-17

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

21. Lincoln

Get ready for a rollercoaster of laughter with the Japanese variety show "LINCOLN"! Hosted by Downtown and featuring a mix of experienced and up-and-coming owarai geinin comedians, this show is all about learning and fun. With a unique twist - using Abraham Lincoln as their mascot - "LINCOLN" is the perfect program for comedians, by comedians, and about comedians. So, gather your friends and get ready to laugh the night away with "LINCOLN"!

• Original Name: リンカーン

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2005-10-18

• Last Air Date: 2005-10-18

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

22. ダウンタウンのヤバイ昭和の世界

This 2022 Japanese talk show brings you a single episode that captures authentic Japanese storytelling. While we don't have a specific plot or tagline, it promises to deliver the genuine experiences and engaging conversations that have made Japanese talk shows so compelling.

• Original Name: ダウンタウンのヤバイ昭和の世界

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Talk Show

• First Air Date: 2022-08-13

• Last Air Date: 2022-08-13

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

23. HamachanGa!

Dive into the world of "HamachanGa! " – a late-night, weekly show hosted by the charismatic Hamada Masatoshi of Downtown. Joining him in his wild escapades is a rotating guest MC, diving into different topics each week. Expect lots of laughter, unique guests, and even some shopping sprees with Hamada. Experience the unforgettable chemistry and humor of Japan's most endearing duo!

• Original Name: 浜ちゃんが!

• TMDb Rating: 10.0

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: []

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2008-10-03

• Last Air Date: 2008-10-03

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

24. ドリーム東西ネタ合戦

In this 2014 Japanese scripted series, two teams compete in a hilarious battle of wit and entertainment. It's a fresh take on scripted television from Japan that promises sharp writing and engaging performances across its short but memorable run.

• Original Name: ドリーム東西ネタ合戦

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2014-01-01

• Last Air Date: 2014-01-08

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 2

25. Friends

Join Ross, Rachel, Chandler, Monica, Phoebe, and Joey in their hilarious journey through friendship, love, and life in the city of New York. With its unique blend of humor, heart, and relatable situations, "Friends" captures the essence of what it means to be a friend and delivers one of the most iconic and beloved TV shows of all time.

• Original Name: Friends

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Ended

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2000-07-07

• Last Air Date: 2000-09-15

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 11

26. 芸能人格付けチェック

This 1999 Japanese drama presents a unique glimpse into the entertainment industry through a single episode that aired as part of a returning series. Perfect for fans of Japanese scripted shows who appreciate raw, authentic storytelling.

• Original Name: 芸能人格付けチェック

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1999-03-23

• Last Air Date: 1999-03-23

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

27. Gobu Gobu

"Gobu Gobu" is a Japanese talk show that returns for another season. It's a unique series that brings something fresh to the talk show genre, offering audiences a taste of Japanese television that's both familiar and new.

• Original Name: ごぶごぶ

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [55]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Talk Show

• Number of Seasons: 1

28. HAMASHO

HAMASHO, a 1997 Japanese television drama, presents a scripted series that aired as a single episode. This unique production offers viewers a glimpse into contemporary Japanese storytelling, marking it as a notable entry in the country's television landscape.

• Original Name: HAMASHO

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1997-10-03

• Last Air Date: 1997-10-03

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

29. Downtown DX

In this 1993 variety talk show, Hamada Masatoshi and Matsumoto Hitoshi interview a diverse group of celebrities, including actors, comedians, and idols. Each episode features guest appearances and personal insights that reveal what makes these entertainers tick.

• Original Name: ダウンタウンDX

• Languages: ["ja"]

• Episode Runtime: [60]

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: ["JP"]

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 1993-10-21

• Last Air Date: 1993-10-21

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1

30. ジャンクSPORTS

Just one episode drops on April 11, 2000 - a curious glimpse into this Japanese scripted series that's returning for more. Ready for something new? Join us as we uncover the plot behind this one-and-done sports journey.

• Original Name: ジャンクSPORTS

• Languages: []

• Episode Runtime: []

• Status: Returning Series

• In Production: 1

• Origin Country: []

• Original Language: ja

• Type: Scripted

• First Air Date: 2000-04-11

• Last Air Date: 2000-04-11

• Number of Seasons: 1

• Number of Episodes: 1